![]() He gathered experience in mass extermination during Operation T4. On April 28, a Nazi of Austrian origin, Franz Stangl, was appointed commandant of the camp. The first single transports to the camp in Sobibór arrived most probably at the turn of March and April 1942. In the early spring of 1942, Jewish workers from Włodawa, from the local Judenrat, were sent to the construction site. The camp was established near the Sobibór railway station, close to the ramp where transports with deported prisoners were sent, sentenced to annihilation as part of the final solution of the Jewish question. He participated in the development of the plans for the new camp, and from March 1943 he personally supervised the construction. The construction of the camp was supervised, as in the case of the camp in Bełżec, by Richard Thomalla from the SS Central Construction Office in Zamość. The entire camp, with the exception of the eastern border running along the railway line, was surrounded by a minefield. These prisoners, like in other camps, were killed and replaced by others. The average life expectancy of a prisoner in such a commando ranged from a few hours to several weeks. Sonderkommando prisoners in the strength of around 100-120 were strictly isolated from the remaining prisoners. The so-called "Road to Heaven" ("Himmelstrasse") lead there, and on the way there were barracks where the victims' hair was cut before their death. From late autumn 1942, there were also grates and furnace pits where the bodies of the victims were cremated. There were gas chambers powered by exhaust gases from a diesel/gasoline engine, mass graves, barracks for prisoners responsible for emptying gas chambers and burying bodies, as well as barracks for guards. Strong men found employment in the Sonderkommando in camp III.Ĭ) Camp III - death zone, part of the camp completely separated from the other two zones. for sorting property, works related to the expansion of the camp and other works, for example in the workshops located in camp I (tailoring, jewelery, carpentry, etc.). Sometimes, a small group of prisoners later employed by the SS as forced laborers in the camp was selected from the transports, incl. There, they were deprived of their property with which they came, and then they went to camp III for disinfection, which meant death in the gas chambers. jewelers, seamstresses, tailors, hairdressers, etc.) and where the camp infrastructure was situated (kitchen, laundries, workshops).ī) Camp II - the transport reception area where prisoners were directed immediately after their arrival. The camp was initially divided into three sub-camps (zones):Ī) Camp I - the administrative and residential area where prisoners selected from transports were directed (e.g. The camp was located at the Sobibór railway station, in a total "wilderness", hidden in the forest between Włodawa, Chełm and Lublin. The whole operation was supervised by Odilo Globocnik, SS and police commander in the Lublin district of the General Government. Sobibór was the second camp set up and launched in the General Government as part of Operation Reinhardt. ![]() The number of victims is difficult to estimate, but it should be assumed that at least 170,000 people died there, and the number of victims may be as high as over 200,000. The time of mass murder covers the period from April 1942 to October 1943. ![]() The death camp in Sobibór (SS Sonderkommando Sobibór) - a German Nazi extermination camp established as part of Operation Reinhardt, near the village of Sobibór, near the Bug River, in th e General Government. ![]()
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